Vessel-lining.



a 0 9 1 3 N A J D E T N E T A Wang:

UNITED STATES Patented January 3, 1905.

MAROELLIIS E. SPOFFORD, OF BENNINGTON, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

VESSIEL-LINING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 779,244, dated January3, 1905.

Application filed June 14:, 1902. Serial No. 111,698.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARoELLUs E. Sror- FORD, a resident of Bennington,in the county of Hillsboro and State of New Hampshire, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Vessel-Linings; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to vessel coating or lining, and has for itsobject to provide receptacles for butter, lard, and other likesubstances with an insipid, cheap, easily-applied, and efficient coatingor lining.

The invention consists in the construction herein described and pointedout.

In the accompanying drawing the figure is a section of a pail made ofvegetable fiber provided with a starch coating or lining, the thicknessof the pail and of the lining being exaggerated.

Numeral 1 denotes a pail made of wood, wood fiber, paper, or othersuitable material.

2 indicates a cover, and 3 an interior coating of starch. Neither theform nor material of the pail, vessel, or receptacle is essential,though the improvement was primarily intended and applied by me toso-called fiber pails for butter and lard, andIhave found a starchlining applied substantially in the manner hereinafter described to beadherent, durable, and otherwise efiicient.

I dissolve a pound of starch in about a pint of cold water and then addabout three gallons of boiling water, the solution being stirred whileit thickens. It is subsequently applied to the interior of the vesseleither with a brush,- or by slushing, or in any practicable way.

Pails thus lined or coated will not absorb animal fat, nor impart tosubstances such as butter, lard, and the like any ingredient, nor affecttheir taste, and the starch lining effectually prevents the vessel fromabsorbing any part of its contents.

If desired, the starch coating can be applied to the vessel-cover andmay in some cases be extended to the exterior of the cover or of thevessel-body, or of both, as indicated at 4: in the drawing.

In practice and preferably the starch coating is partially absorbed bythe pervious Wood or paper, so that no distinctly-separable layer isformed exteriorly to the surface of the vessel, the coating beinginconspicuous both by reason of its tenuity and transparency.

In case the pail or other vessel is made of fiber starch can beincorporated with the fiber before or during the manufacture of thevessel as an equivalent for a lining applied subsequently.

I am aware that vessels have been coated with shellac protected by alayer of paper and also with a mixture of gum-arabic and riceflourpaste. I am also aware that it has been proposed to coat box or baglinings and other articles with size, paste, and-like plastic materials.My improvement relates to unlined receptacles for butter and the likeand involves the use of a coating of starch, which being insipid,comparatively free from decomposition, and attack from germs and fromabsorption by the containing vessel I have discovered to be speciallyadapted for the purposes herein set forth. My improvement in vesselssuch as pails is characterized by a lining of starch eithersuperficially applied or mixed in the material of which the vessel ismade. v

I am aware that fabrics have been stiffened by applying thereto rawstarch and then cooking it with dry steam, care being taken not to fillthe meshes of the fabric, and I am also aware that ozocerite has beenused for coating ale and beer oasks, and such matters are disclaimed, myinvention being characterized by a vessel-coating of pure starch.

An important feature of starch lining for vessels is that it resists theaction of heat. For example, hot lard poured into a starchcoated vesseldoes not injuriously affect the coating. The lard in such cases does notpenetrate nor discolor the wood nor in any manner in ure the coatlngeither when the lard is This 1s a repoured or after months of use.

sult not attained by any other coating or lining now in common use norby any other known to me.

My attention has been called to a description of a vessel coated with acomposition of rice-flour paste and gum-arabic. Such coating is notinsipid. It is more liable to crack than one of pure starch, owing, as Ibelieve, in part to the greater frangibility of the gum and to itsgreater expansibility and possibly to one of the constituents of rice. Acoating of rice-flour paste and gum imparts also a color 2. A pail orother vessel for holding butter, hot lard, essential oil or the like,coated interiorly with an adherent layer of pure starch, and having acover coated with starch, and a starch coating between the cover andvesselrun.

3. A pail or other vessel for holding butter, hot lard, essential oil orthe like, coated interiorly with an adherent layer of starch, and havinga cover coated with starch, and a starch coating between the cover andvessel-rim.

4. A pail or other vessel of fiber and starch for holding butter, hotlard, essential oil or the like, the starch being mixed with thematerial of the vessel.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

MARCELLUS E. SPOFFORD.

Witnesses:

CALVIN S. BROWN, GEORGE M. BROWN.

